PPOP

Liquidity and profitability ratios are used by managers, investors, and creditors, where multiple techniques are used to reveal the company and its operations.

Several banks and lending firms use statistical procedures to analyze firms’ financial ratios, and based on the analysis that tells about profitability and risk of financial distress, they can classify them.

PPOP provides the estimation related to the capital the bank expects to have left for the operating profit once the cash outflows to defaulted loans are estimated.

The pre-provision operating profit or PPOP will be less once the bank deducts the dollar amount of the bad debts provision.  

The ratio analysis method is extremely useful for narrowly focused organizations having large multidimensional setups. 

It is useful in situations when inflation distorts the firm’s balance sheets. 

There are a few things one must remember about such ratios. First, the comparative analysis of the different firms should be interpreted carefully to conclude. 

A ratio is just a number divided by another, and it is considered unreasonable to expect the mechanical calculation of one ratio or several, which will automatically provide insights into the firm. 

These ratio analysis methods can be misleading unless appropriately combined with other knowledge related to the company’s management and economic situations. 

Large companies can use it to operate various activities in different industries and develop a meaningful set of industry averages for comparison purposes. 

Provisioning for loan losses goes into the bank’s profit. During the 2008 -2009 financial crisis, the banks did not see a major crisis.

RBS reported a loss in 2008 due to impaired securities, and the total impairment charges jumped from 6% of pre-provisioning income in the previous year to 29% in 2008, and it continued to increase in the next two to three years. 

Banks perform portfolio asset management by evaluating outstanding loans with different customers at one time, and it is a matter of time before the customer defaults on their loans.

It would be inaccurate for banks to consider the entire operating profit as income. Hence, they report the operating income as PPOP to give investors better insight into bad debts still to be incurred and reduced from the bottom line profits.  

Provisioning, capital needs, and liquidity risk for banks can be ascertained through the bank-by-bank quality review that looks into individual bank loan portfolios and the account provisions and the capital held by each bank.