Near term

Near-term and short-term are used similarly, wherein a day's trade, one can use the strategy of a near or short-term trader. 

Short-term is extensively used in financial markets, but as the consequences of the financial crisis of 2008, the risks of short-term investing and the proliferation of short-term practices and underperformance in the financial sector have led to an increase in the critiques of such strategies like the OECD and the World Economic Forum.

Trading practices can be short or long-term. There can be trading based on price movements rather than value, where high-frequency trading and short-term holding of stocks can be seen.

Certain activist investors push firms towards such moves to pay off investors. Still, it may come at the expense of long-term wealth creation, like share buybacks or cutting research and development to meet quarterly earnings targets.

Short Selling or betting against a firm's value using leverage is a strategy many hedge funds use. There can be leveraged buyouts which can pull capital out of firms and pile it up with debts.

There can be incentive structures which promote strategies based on share price and investor sentiments rather than the long-term health of firms.

The money manager incentive is based on short-term performance and is paid quarterly or annually. Short-term investing activities offer immediate rewards, and they may have a consequence in the long term.

Businesses and economists also use the near term to refer to things or data points that will occur or be revealed over the next several months.

There are many such strategies where short-termism, with its disproportionate focus on quarterly returns, weakens firms and the economy. It leaves companies with less to invest in research and development.

Instead of productive investment, it promotes bubbles, general economic underperformance by incentivizing activities and financial instability, which can benefit only a few while providing little value to society.

Such strategies may also take capital out of the productive economy, increasing the holdings of high-net-worth individuals and ultimately adding to growth in income inequality.